AWS Crash Course – Route 53

Route 53 is a DNS service that route user requests.
  • Amazon Route 53 (Route 53) is a scalable and highly available Domain Name System (DNS).
  • The name route 53 is reference to UDP port 53 which is generally used for DNS.
  • Route 53 with its DNS service that allows administrators to direct traffic by simply updating DNS records in the hosted zone.
  • TTL(Time to Live) can be adjusted for resource records to be shorter which allow record changes to propagate faster to clients.
  • One of the key features of Route 53 is programmatic access to the service that allows customers to modify DNS records via web service calls.
Three Main functions of Route 53 are:-
Domain registration:- It allows you to register domain names from your AWS accounts.
DNS service:- This service is used for mapping your website IP to a name. e.g.54.168.4.10 to example.com. It also supports many other formats which we will discuss below.
Health Monitoring:- It can monitor the health of your servers/VMs/instances and can route traffic as per the routing policy. It can also work as a load balancer for region level traffic management.
Route 53 supports different routing policies and you can use the one which is most suitable for your applications.
Routing Policies :-
  • Simple:- In this Route 53 will respond to DNS queries that are only in the record set.
  • Weighted:- This policy let you split the traffic based on different weights assigned. for e.g. 10% traffic goes to us-east-1 and 90% goes to eu-west-1
  • Latency:- Allows to route your traffic based on lowest network latency for your end user.(ie which region will give end user the fastest response time)
  • Failover:- This policy is used when you create an active/passive setup. Route 53 will monitor the health of your primary site using a health check.
  • Geolocation:- This routing lets you choose where your traffic will go based on geographic location of end users. So the user requesting from France will be served from server which is nearest to France.
Route 53 supports many DNS record formats:-
  • A Format :- Returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host.
  • AAAA Format:-  Returns a 128-bit IPv6 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host.
  • CNAME Format:- Alias of one name to another. So with CNAME you can set example.com and www.example.com as alias of each other.
  • MX Format :- Maps a domain name to a list of message transfer agents for that domain
  • NS Format:- Delegates a DNS zone to use the given authoritative name servers.
  • PTR Format :- Pointer to a canonical name. Unlike a CNAME, DNS processing stops and just the name is returned. The most common use is for implementing reverse DNS lookups, but other uses include such things as DNS-SD.
  • SOA Format:- Specifies authoritative information about a DNS zone, including the primary name server, the email of the domain administrator, the domain serial number, and several timers relating to refreshing the zone.
  • SRV Format:- Generalized service location record, used for newer protocols instead of creating protocol-specific records such as MX.
  • TXT Format :- Originally for arbitrary human-readable text in a DNS record.
Tip:- For the exam understanding A format and CNAME should be enough.
If you want to try some handson try this exercise .
This series is created to give you a quick snapshot of AWS technologies.  You can check about other AWS services in this series over here .

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